The kavangozambezi transfrontier conservation area is the largest. Conservation strategy and action plan for the african. An area that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries where the natural and cultural. The types of crossborder tourism products addressed include. At nearly 38 000 km2, it is larger than many countries and one of the largest national parks in the world. The kgalagadi transfrontier park ktp, the first formal transboundary protected area in africa, was established with an agreement signed in april 1999, between the governments of south africa and botswana. The south african side of the kgalagadi transfrontier park, which extends into botswana, was originally proclaimed as a conservation area in 1931 to protect the migratory gemsbok herds. Transfrontier conservation areas pilot and institutional strengthening project team leader. A transfrontier conservation area tfca is defined in the sadc protocol on wildlife conservation and law enforcement 1999 as a component of a large ecological region that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries encompassing one or more protected areas as well as multiple resource use areas. The tfca concept is embraced by practically all international conservation agencies. The concept of a major tourism destination based on the extensive network of protected areas and wildlife populations has been discussed and developed over the last decade.
This paper discusses some of the limitations of the tfps. The conservation area covers 41,160 hectares of threatened miombo woodland in lusaka province and acts as an important buffer zone to both the lower zambezi national park and the adjacent mana pools national park. The mission is to remove all human barriers within the transfrontier park or transfrontier conservation area so that animals can roam freely within the local ecosystem. It set to join the banhinezinhave mozambique, kruger south africa and gonarezhou zimbabwe national parks. Such areas are also known as transfrontier conservation areas tfcas or peace parks tbpas exist in many forms around the world, and are established for various reasons. Tfcas are founded with the aim of collaboratively managing shared natural and cultural.
The preservation of traditional animal migration patterns, ensuring sufficient food and water sources for population growth, is a critical reason for the creation of tbpas. Guidelines for community engagement in southern african. Pdf transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in southern africa. Review article balancing livestock production and wildlife conservation in and around southern africas transfrontier conservation areas g.
About gltp great limpopo transfrontier conservation area. Modelling fugitive natural resources in the context of. The tbc sg welcomes the opportunity to work with panorama and looks forward to building on these synergies. Since then, transfrontier conservation areas tfcas have become a.
Multipleland use practices in transfrontier conservation areas. Kaza is the size of france and takes in parts of zambia, zimbabwe, botswana, namibia and angola. Abstractcontests over scarce and shared natural resources continue to headline conflicts across the worlds geographic regions. Integrating biodiversity and poverty alleviation in southern africa simon m. Tfcas are founded with the aim of collaboratively managing shared natural and cultural resources across international boundaries for improved biodiversity conservation and socioeconomic. Comprising two or more staterun pas as well as intervening land units, often including communal land and community managed conservation areas, which conform more closely to the definition in the sadc wildlife protocol. Understanding the drivers of subsistence poaching in the.
Resistance of local communities against marginalization in. The approach in the research is the managerial approach. Because across africa, wildlife, domestic animals, and people are coming into contact as. In conclusion i posit that unlike tfps, which are state controlled and managed, tfcas, which promote multiland use and multistakeholder participation are attainable and have a higher probability of. Kavangozambezi transfrontier conservation area is known as kaza kaza is the size of france and takes in parts of zambia, zimbabwe, botswana, namibia and angola.
Peace parks foundation has been actively involved with the establishment and development. Transboundaryor transfrontier conservation has indeed generatedtremendous enthusiasm among conservationists. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas have been defined in the protocol on wildlife conservation and law enforcement of the southern african development community sadc as the area or the component of a large ecological region that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries, encompassing one or more protected areas, as well. These areas may include ecological corridors, private game reserves, communal natural resource management areas and hunting concession areas. Financing transfrontier conservation proposed financing facility for transfrontier conservation areas in southern africa kfw and german government with southern african development community sadc iucn preferred implementing agency euro 21 million over 5 years in grants to. The park was officially opened on 12 may 2000, and is an amalgamation of south africas previous kalahari gemsbok national park and botswanas gemsbok national park. Transfrontier conservation area tfca an area that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries where the natural and cultural resources are collaboratively managed by the governments andor authorities involved. The 99,800 km 2 gazakrugergonarezhou transfrontier conservation area was formally established in november 2000, when an agreement was signed by the governments of zimbabwe, south africa and. It embraces most of the okavango river basin, an integral part of an ecosystem that is connected to. Such areas are also known as transfrontier conservation areas tfcas or peace parks. This kavango zambezi transfrontier conservation area kaza tfca wild dog strategy is the first transfrontier strategy and follows the framework of the regional strategy and national action plans, whilst bringing goals and activities down to the kaza tfca level. Conservation is more than protecting rhinos and elephants, the controlling of illegal logging or. Connected conservation a transfrontier conservation area tfca is defined as the area or component of a large ecological region that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries, encompassing one or more protected areas as well as multiple resource use areas. The kaza tfca is enormous, larger than germany and austria combined and nearly twice as large as the united kingdom.
The remuneration package includes a basic salary 70% of package, states contribution to the government employee pension fund. Over 600 bird species have been identified, as well as 128 reptile species, 50 amphibian species and diverse. Kgalagadi transfrontier park the kgalagadi, simply put, is colossal. The kgalagadi transfrontier park was an important development in conservation as a landuse option took place in october 2002 when a total of almost 58 000 ha of land in the park was restored to the khomani san and mier communities. South africa is involved in the following transfrontier conservation areas tfcas, also known as peace parks. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas refer to relatively large areas of land, straddling international borders between two or more countries that incorporate natural systems around one or more protected areas. At that time, the khomani san were living as huntergatherers in the arid kalahari desert and were viewed as part of the ecosystem. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas have recently emerged as the. The preservation of traditional animal migration patterns, ensuring sufficient food. Explore the incongruities of national sovereignty and realities of regional political cooperation. Munthali abstract subsaharan africa continues to face the daunting challenge of alleviating poverty due to slow economic growth. However, following the establishment of tfcas by various countries, questions about their contribution to. Blackwell publishing ltdtransfrontier conservation areas. Blackwell publishing ltd transfrontier conservation areas.
A transfrontier conservation area tfca on the other hand usually refers to a crossborder region whose different component areas have different forms of conservation status such as national parks, private game reserves, communal natural resource management areas and even hunting concession areas. In this context, the project gcpraf447gff sought to construct a conservation corridor between cote divoire and ghana in the biadiambarakro area, a priority landscape for forest conservation and home to several endemic species. Reducing deforestation in zambia biocarbon partners. The more transboundary conservation success stories are showcased the more chance we have of seeing them succeed elsewhere. Welcome to the kavangozambezi transfrontier conservation area. Greater mapungubwe transfrontier conservation area gmtfca the formation and inclusion of the northern tuli game reserve, and other natural areas, within the greater mapungubwe transfrontier conservation area. Tfcas in the sadc context transfrontier conservation areas are a relatively new concept in the conservation arena. Aiaisrichtersveld transfrontier park transfrontier park in namibia and south africa includes the richtersveld in south africa and the fish river canyon and aiais hot springs in namibia. The governments of botswana, south africa and zimbabwe signed a memorandum of understanding mou on the on the 22nd of june 2006. Transfrontier parks in south africa cultural survival.
The parties hereby establish the great limpopo transfrontier park, which for the purpose of conservation, socioeconomic development and for public enjoyment shall integrate the areas detailed in article 3, and reflected in the map contained in the annexure to this treaty. Final evaluation of development of the transfrontier. Kavangozambezi kaza transfrontier conservation area. Pdf transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in southern. Thirdly, successful conservation requires transfrontier arrangements that equalise the longrun costs and bene. Emerging concerns in transfrontier conservation areas ahead. Wildlife law enforcement in subsaharan african protected areas. Tbpas are a relatively new concept in the conservation arena. Remuneration package of r1 005 063 per annum allinclusive salary package. The area is populated with bushbuck, sitatunga, wild dog and spotted hyena. Through an analysis of transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in central america, it contends that specific forms of global environmental governance require some rethinking to accommodate their potentially fragile and uneven nature, and that it is more open. Transfrontier conservation areas, or tfcas at least potential and existing terrestrial transfrontier parks and transfrontier conservation areasalso known as transboundary conservation areashave been identified in the southern african development community sadc region. May 14, 2020 the kaza tfca is the largest transfrontier conservation area in the world covering almost 520 000 km 2 in angola, botswana, zambia, zimbabwe and namibia.
Tfcas are intended as multiple landuse areas with an emphasis on biodiversity conservation. This document reports on progress to implement decisions 12. A transboundary protected area tbpa is an ecological protected area that spans boundaries of more than one country or subnational entity. Transfrontier conservation area tfca an area that straddles the boundaries of two or more countries where the. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in southern africa article pdf available in journal of sustainable forestry 1712.
Existing conservation areas remain isolated from one other. This book focuses on the forgotten people displaced by, or living on the edge of, protected wildlife areas. In practice these categorisations are loosely applied. Nowadays, transfrontier conservation areas such as the great limpopo transfrontier. The focus of the management approach is the improvement of the. Not long ago, cbnrm programs such as campfire1 in zimbabwe, life 2 in namibia, admade3 in zambia, and the cbnrm program in botswana stood firmly in the global conservation limelight. Transfrontier conservation areas for migratory species prepared by the secretariat to include the concept of transfrontier conservation areas given its. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas also known as transboundary protected areas. Examples of transfrontier elephant conservation corridors. A new protectedarea model has been adopted over the last 15 years by number of southern african countries. The role of transfrontier conservation areas and their. The dissertation is rooted in the implications of the policy on transfrontier conservation areas. Transfrontier conservation areas iucn library system. The tfca program expanded conservation areas, reintroduced wildlife, and developed potential for naturebased tourism all benefitting rural communities and the country as a whole.
It is a comparative policy analysis study of sustainable development in south africa between the great limpopo transfrontier conservation area and lubombo transfrontier conservation resource area. This expansive park is the worlds largest transfrontier conservation area at approximately 520,000 km2, a size rivaling that of france. Kavangozambezi transfrontier conservation area is known as kaza. The transfrontier conservation areas tfcas concept gained. The project, funded by the global environment fund and implemented by fao, had an operating. The concept of transfrontier conservation areas tfcas recognises that management of shared natural resources across international boundaries has the potential to meaningfully contribute to conservation of biodiversity and the socioeconomic development of rural communities. It lies in the kavango and zambezi river basins where angola, botswana, namibia, zambia and zimbabwe converge. Subsistence poaching is rather common and while park authorities tend to be lenient, or seem to turn a blind eye on such activities, it is banned in the whole study area. Pdf transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in south africa.
The great limpopo transfrontier park ministerial committee meeting held in maputo recently made several decisions which include the incorporation of the greater libombos conservancy glc as part of the great limpopo transfrontier conservation area gltfca to enhance biodiversity conservation and community development. Promote crossborder cooperation and implementation of conservation, research. Occupying the okavango and zambezi river basins, it encompasses areas within the borders of angola, botswana, namibia, zambia and zimbabwe, and includes 36. Southern africa development community guideline for crossborder tourism products 2018 anna spenceley this guideline provides information to guide the stepbystep development of tourism activities that take place within transfrontier conservation areas, and across international borders in southern africa. Tbpas exist in many forms around the world, and are established for various reasons. From parks and game ranches to transfrontier conservation areas 2009 helen suich, brian child and anna spenceley editors this is an indispensable reference for protected area and land managers, development practitioners and academics and students in conservation, land management. Designing a transfrontier conservation landscape for the.
Transfrontier conservation areas a window on zambia. Southern african development community transfrontier. Pdf transfrontier conservation areas in southern africa. Balancing livestock production and wildlife conservation in. These areas may include ecological corridors, private game reserves, communal natural resource management areas and hunting. For transfrontier conservation areas in sadc source. Action plans for the management of transfrontier elephant conservation corridors in west africa june 2003 also benefit other species, and so although this action plans is focussed on one species it is a means of achieving far broader conservation aims. Transfrontier conservation areas, or tfcas at least potential and existing terrestrial transfrontier parks and transfrontier conservation areas also known as transboundary conservation areas have been identified in the southern african development community sadc region. Examine the importance of the establishment of transfrontier natural resources conservation areas to international relations and cooperation among sadc member states. The kavangozambezi transfrontier conservation area kaza tfca is a multiobjective initiative involving parts of angola, botswana, namibia, zambia and zimbabwe. The map shows the parks and game reserves which are included in kaza. Pdf africas political leaders, local communities, governments. Wildlife law enforcement in subsaharan african protected. Beauty and richness in abundance the nature conservation map of the region still resembles a patchwork quilt.
Transfrontier conservation areas in southern africa kgalagadi transfrontier park ktp. Tfcas are founded on the realization that natural resources that straddle international boundaries are shared assets with. This program aimed at developing conservation and tourism to stimulate local employment and promote opportunities and subsistence alternatives to rural communities as well as ensure improved nature conservation. A transfrontier conservation area tfca is defined in the sadc protocol on wildlife conservation and law enforcement 1999 as a component of a large. However, following the establishment of tfcas by various countries, questions about their contribution to conflict management and resolution are emerging. Transfrontier conservation areas tfcas also known as transboundary protected areas tbpas are a relatively new concept in conservation the arena. The area may include one or more protected areas as well as multiple resource use areas. Transfrontier conservation areas and humanwildlife conflict. The great limpopo is one of the largest transfrontier conservation areas tfcas in the world, encompassing vast areas in south africa, zimbabwe, and mozambique. The transfrontier conservation areas tfcas concept gained widespread acceptance as one of the promising conflict management strategies.
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